As election results come in, voters can feel a roller coaster of emotions from pride and optimism to frustration and fear. In addition, misinformation and conspiracy theories may be spread as the election unfolds. This is why it’s important to stick with credible news sources — not TikTok, Facebook, or X — that provide factual updates and avoid sensational headlines that can increase stress levels.
While the disconfirmation of expectations or forecasts can cause discontent, a more significant factor in electoral integrity is whether voters perceive an outcome as fair and legitimate (links 1.a and 1.b). A surprising result that deviates from expectations may lead to greater satisfaction with democracy and the electoral process, while a disappointing result will have the opposite effect (link 1.c).
When and how election poll results are reported and displayed can also impact perceived electoral legitimacy. It’s important for election officials to communicate this information clearly to the public to help ensure confidence in election results.
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